What does directly observed therapy (DOT) aim to ensure in tuberculosis treatment?

• A. To shorten treatment duration.
• B. To monitor liver function.
• C. To ensure adherence to the medication regimen.
• D. To avoid need for culture results.

Answer: (C)

Directly observed therapy is about ensuring that patients take their TB medications as prescribed. TB treatment requires daily, multi-drug therapy for an extended period, and lapses in taking pills can lead to relapse and the development of drug resistance. Having a healthcare worker or trained observer watch the patient swallow each dose helps catch missed doses, provides support, and keeps the patient on the full regimen, which improves adherence and cure rates and reduces transmission. This approach isn’t meant to shorten the treatment duration or replace safety monitoring (liver function checks are still done when indicated). It also doesn’t affect the need for diagnostic cultures; DOT’s purpose is strictly to ensure adherence to the prescribed regimen.